Graphene yog ib txheej atomic ntawm carbon atoms teem rau hauv ob sab hexagonal lattice. Nws yog thawj cais nyob rau hauv 2004 thiab muaj txij li captivated cov kws tshawb fawb thiab kev lag luam vim nws lub zog tshwj xeeb, yooj, thiab conductivity.
Cov txheej txheem ntau lawm muaj xws li mechanical exfoliation, tshuaj vapor deposition (CVD), thiab tshuaj txo cov graphene oxide. Txhua txoj kev muaj nws qhov zoo thiab kev txwv, cuam tshuam qhov zoo, qhov loj, thiab tus nqi ntawm cov nplooj ntawv graphene tsim.
Thaum ntshiab graphene zoo nkaus li tsis muaj tshuaj lom, Kev txhawj xeeb tshwm sim thaum nws los txog rau ntawm cov npoo ntawm graphene thiab cov graphene oxide me me, uas yuav ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau kev noj qab haus huv yog tias nqus tau. Kev tshawb fawb tsis tu ncua aims kom paub meej txog kev noj qab haus huv mus sij hawm ntev ntawm graphene raug.
Yog lawm, Kev nce qib hauv CVD thiab lwm yam txuj ci tau ua rau kev tsim cov graphene ntawm qhov loj dua. Txawm li cas los, ua tau zoo, thaj chaw loj graphene tsis tu ncua tseem muaj kev sib tw.
Tus nqi ntawm graphene sib txawv raws li txoj kev tsim khoom thiab zoo. Raws li cov txheej txheem ntau lawm txhim kho thiab nplai nce, tus nqi yuav tsum txo qis, ua graphene siv tau ntau dua rau kev siv dav.
Nyob rau hauv nws daim ntawv ntshiab, graphene tsis yog magnetic. Txawm li cas los, los ntawm doping los yog ze rau cov khoom sib nqus, graphene tuaj yeem pom tus cwj pwm sib nqus, qhib qhov muaj peev xwm hauv spintronics thiab lwm yam kev siv hlau nplaum.
Airgel yog ultralight, Cov khoom ntxeem tau muaj lub network ntawm cov khoom sib txuas nrog hauv peb-dimensional matrix nrog cua ntim cov chaw. Nws yog thawj tsim nyob rau hauv 1931 thiab feem ntau piav raws li "cov pa taws khov" vim nws ethereal tsos.
Aerogels yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm lawv qhov ntom ntom, siab porosity, zoo heev thermal thiab acoustic rwb thaiv tsev zog, optical pob tshab, thiab sib txawv hydrophobicity. Cov yam ntxwv no ua rau aerogels haum rau ntau yam kev siv.
Aerogels yog siv rau hauv tsev rwb thaiv tsev, aerospace engineering, roj nchuav ntxuav, catalysis, khaub ncaws, cov khoom siv tub rog, thiab electronics, ntawm lwm cov teb. Lawv cov khoom tshwj xeeb tso cai rau cov kev daws teeb meem tshiab hauv cov cheeb tsam uas xav tau cov khoom siv hnyav thiab siv tau zoo.
Tus nqi ntawm airgel tuaj yeem sib txawv raws li hom, qhov loj, thiab kom muaj nuj nqis. Thaum xub thawj kim heev, kev nce qib hauv kev tsim khoom ua rau tus nqi qis, ua airgel ntau dua kev lag luam rau kev lag luam siv.
Recycling aerogels nthuav qhia kev cov nyom vim lawv cov qauv nyuaj. Txawm li cas los, kev siv zog tab tom tsim los tsim cov txheej txheem rov ua dua tshiab los txo cov khib nyiab thiab txhim kho kev ruaj ntseg hauv kev siv aerogels.
Thaum aerogels feem ntau suav hais tias muaj kev nyab xeeb, yuav tsum tau ceev faj thaum tuav kom tsis txhob nqus cov plua plav, uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem ua pa. Cov txheej txheem kev nyab xeeb kom raug raug pom zoo thaum ua haujlwm nrog aerogels.